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New
12th
International Metropolis Conference
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PLENARY SESSIONS
Plenary session presentations in PDF format will soon be
available on this page. Check back with us soon! |
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Featured Speakers |
Conférenciers | Oradores |
Ahmed Aboutaleb ·
Ali Bensaad · António Vitorino ·
Armin Laschet
· Barbara Glover ·
Carlos Iturregui · Catherine Wihtol de Wenden ·
Christina Boswell
· David Ley ·
Demetrios Papademetriou · Elisa Andrade · Elizabeth Cubías ·
Howard Duncan · Ismael Valigy · Jeffrey Reitz · Jan Rath ·
João Cravinho · Joaquín Arango · Jonathan Crush · Jorge
Gaspar · Khadija Elmadmad · Luís Fonseca · Marie Price ·
Neil Ruiz · Paul Seabright · Pedro Silva Pereira · Peter
Stalker · Philippe Fargues · Rainer Münz · Richard Black ·
Rinus Penninx · Rui Machete · Sandra Pratt · Tamar Jacoby ·
Teresa Sales |
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Programme | Programme | Programa |
Tuesday, 3 Oct. | mardi, 3 oct. | 3ª-feira, dia 3 de Out. |
Opening Address
Speaker
His
Excellency the Portuguese Prime Minister, Mr. José Sócrates
Plenary 1:
Urban Vitality, Urban Renewal: How Immigrants Are
Transforming Cities
Keynote:
Jorge Gaspar,
University of Lisbon (Portugal)
PowerPoint Presentation
(PDF)
Panellists:
David Ley, University of British Columbia (Canada)
Jan
Rath, University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
Moderator:
Tamar Jacoby,
Manhattan Institute for Policy Research (United
States)
[EN]
The world’s cities are being transformed by vast numbers of
newcomers hailing both from rural areas and from abroad. The
magnitude, diversity and speed of today’s migratory flows
differentiate this period of urbanisation from those of
previous eras. Urban immigrant populations are growing fast
and becoming ever more diverse—racially, ethnically,
culturally—while their economic and political power are
increasing. The challenges these new forces pose to urban
development certainly are immense. This session, however,
will focus on the potential that these migration-driven
transformations have to re-vitalise cities—especially cities
whose economic fortunes have waned. Speakers will explore
how international migrants affect investments and labour
markets, as well as the cultural and social vitality of
cities. They also will examine how policy can make the
difference between cities that succeed and cities that fail
in the face of these new waves of migrants.
[FR]
Depuis
toujours les villes du monde entier ont été transformées par
les nombreux nouveaux arrivants, venant ou des espaces
ruraux ou de l’étranger. Toutefois de nos jours les
processus d’urbanisation ont changé suite à une diversité et
une importance croissantes des flux migratoires dirigés
essentiellement vers les centres urbains. Il en résulte une
forte augmentation des populations immigrées urbaines, très
diversifiées du point de vue ethnique et culturel, d’autant
plus que leurs pouvoirs économiques et politiques tendent à
se renforcer. Les défis que ces changements posent au
développement urbain sont certes de grande envergure. Le
présent débat cherche à se focaliser sur le potentiel que
ces transformations stimulées par les migrations apportent à
la revitalisation des villes, notamment à celles confrontées
au déclin de leur activités économiques. Les conférenciers
vont présenter dans quelle mesure les migrants
internationaux affectent aussi bien les marchés de travail
et d’investissement que les dynamiques culturelles et
sociales des centres urbains. Ils examineront également
comment les différentes politiques déterminent le succès de
certaines villes et la déroute d’autres en matière de
migrations.
[PT]
As cidades de todo o mundo estão a ser transformadas pela
chegada de vastos números de pessoas oriundas tanto das
áreas rurais como de outros países. A magnitude, diversidade
e velocidade dos fluxos migratórios actuais permitem
distinguir este período de urbanização dos verificados em
épocas anteriores. Verifica-se um acelerado crescimento das
populações urbanas de origem imigrante, bem como da sua
diversidade racial, étnica e cultural, ao mesmo tempo que a
sua capacidade económica e política têm também vindo a
aumentar. Os desafios colocados por estas novas forças ao
nível do desenvolvimento urbano são certamente consideráveis.
Porém, esta sessão incidirá particularmente no potencial
destas transformações associadas às migrações ao nível da
revitalização das cidades - sobretudo aquelas cujo
desempenho económico se encontra ameaçado ou em declinio. Os
oradores reflectirão acerca do impacte dos migrantes
internacionais sobre o investimento e os mercados de
trabalho, bem como sobre a vitalidade social e cultural das
cidades. Por outro lado, examinarão também como as políticas
adoptadas podem fazer a diferença entre o sucesso e o
insucesso das cidades ao confrontarem-se com estas novas
vagas migratórias. |
|
Plenary 2:
Sharing Responsibility in the Management of Migration and
Development
Panellists:
Richard Black, University of Sussex (United Kingdom)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
Jonathan Crush,
University of Capetown (South Africa)
PowerPoint Presentation
(PDF)
Elizabeth Cubías, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (El
Salvador)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
Neil
Ruiz, The Brookings Institution
(United
States)
PowerPoint Presentation
(PDF)
Moderator:
Howard Duncan, Metropolis Project (Canada)
[EN]
Migration’s effects on development have long been studied by
experts, who have theorised on issues such as how population
movements reduce regional economic imbalances and on the
impact of brain drain, brain gain and brain circulation.
However, only recently have policymakers begun to focus on
how to proactively leverage diasporas for the benefit of
both sending and receiving countries,
with sending countries starting to
make explicit policies to benefit from migration.
This session will critically address policy trends in
managing migration, discussing the changing roles of sending
and receiving countries’ public authorities. Experiences
from throughout the world with co-development (the
participation of immigrants in the development strategies of
their hometowns and regions) involving development agencies
and immigrant associations, as well as with decentralised
co-operation strategies (development partnerships between
local authorities from the sending and receiving countries)
will also be discussed.
[FR]
Depuis
longtemps déjà les experts s’intéressent aux effets des
migrations sur le développement. Ils ont analysé des
problématiques comme la réduction des déséquilibres
économiques régionaux par les mouvements de population ou l’impact
des fuites, gains ou circulations de « cerveaux ». Pourtant
il est assez récent que les responsables se focalisent sur
la question comment les diasporas représentent un gain tant
pour les pays récepteurs que les pays émetteurs, sachant que
les pays émetteurs commencent à élaborer des politiques
explicites dans le but de tirer profit des migrations. Dans
ce débat les tendances politiques en matière de la gestion
des migrations seront soumises à la critique en rapportant
la discussion sur les changements de rôle des autorités
publiques des pays récepteurs et émetteurs. De plus les
discussions porteront sur les expériences faites à travers
tout le monde avec des projets de co-développement (la
participation des immigrés dans la mise en mise en place de
stratégies de développement pour leur villes et régions
d’origine) impliquant la présence d’agences de développement
et d’associations d’immigrés, ainsi qu’avec des stratégies
de coopérations décentralisées (partenariats de
développement entre des autorités locales des pays
récepteurs et émetteurs).
[PT]
Os efeitos das migrações sobre o desenvolvimento têm desde
há muito vindo a ser estudados pelos especialistas, que têm
analisado questões como a possibilidade dos movimentos
populacionais mitigarem os desequilíbrios económicos
regionais ou os impactes da fuga, ganho e circulação de
cérebros ("brain drain", "brain gain", "brain circulation").
Porém, só recentemente é que se começou a verificar um
esforço consistente por parte dos responsáveis políticos no
sentido de mobilizarem proactivamente as diásporas para
benefício tanto dos países de origem como dos países de
destino,
com a adopção de políticas por parte dos países emissores
explicitamente destinadas
a maximizar os benefícios das migrações internacionais.
Esta sessão examinará de forma crítica as tendências
políticas no campo da gestão das migrações, discutindo a
forma como os papéis das autoridades públicas dos países de
origem e de destino têm vindo a evoluir. Serão ainda
discutidas experiências de co-desenvolvimento (envolvimento
dos migrantes nas estratégias de desenvolvimento dos seus
locais e regiões de origem) em diversas partes do mundo
envolvendo agências de desenvolvimento e associações de
imigrantes , bem como estratégias de cooperação
descentralizada (parcerias para o desenvolvimento entre as
autoridades locais dos países de origem e destino dos
migrantes). |
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Wednesday,
4 Oct. | mercredi, 4 oct. | 4ª-feira, dia 4 de Out. |
Plenary 3:
Contemporary Migration Management: The Return to Temporary
Programmes?
Panellists:
Christina Boswell,
University of
Edinburgh
(United
Kingdom)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
António Vitorino, Member of Parliament
and
Former European
Commissioner
for Justice and Home Affairs
(Portugal)
Carlos Iturregui, Department of Homeland Security (United
States)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
Barbara Glover,
Department of Human Resources and Social Development
(Canada)
Moderator:
Peter Stalker,
Writer and
Consultant
(United Kingdom)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
[EN]
Although the "guest worker" programmes
of the past are largely perceived as failures, many
countries are nonetheless turning their attention to
temporary migration regimes as a solution to labour
shortages. They have, perhaps, been persuaded that
demographic and economic realities necessitate the use of
temporary workers to meet labour market demands. Have we
forgotten our past failures? Or, are there new ways to
manage temporary migration programmes
that are more effective than those we employed in the past?
Are these alternative, stand-alone measures, or do temporary
programmes
fit into a larger, overall immigration policy? Do
governments see temporary migrants as potential permanent
residents or citizens, or are they viewed simply as interim
economic contributors? This panel will look at temporary
programmes
- both past and present - to examine their character, their
effectiveness and their impacts, whether direct or indirect.
Speakers will also examine such issues as the portability of
pensions across national borders and access to social
benefits by family members.
[FR]
Bien que
les programmes de recrutement de main-d’œuvre temporaire
soient généralement perçus comme une erreur, beaucoup de
pays adoptent néanmoins des régimes de migration temporaire
pour faire face aux pénuries de travailleurs. Ces pays ont
du être convaincus que les réalités démocratiques et
économiques nécessitent le recours à la main-d’œuvre
temporaire pour satisfaire les demandes du marchés de
travail. Est-ce que nous avons déjà oublié nos erreurs du
passé ? Ou bien existent-ils des programmes de migration
temporaires plus efficaces que ceux appliqués dans le temps ?
Est-ce que pour les gouvernements les migrants temporaires
sont perçus comme des résidents ou citoyens potentiels, ou
comme simples contributeurs à l’économie par intérim ? Dans
cette section l’attention sera apportée aux différents
programmes temporaires, anciens et nouveaux, et on examinera
leurs contenus, leurs efficacités et leurs impacts, directs
ou indirects. Les conférenciers examineront également des
problématiques telles le transfert des pensions entre
frontières nationales et les bénéfices sociaux pour les
membres de famille.
[PT]
Embora os programas de "imigração laboral temporária" do
passado tenham sido em grande medida considerados um
fracasso, são muitos os países que estão actualmente a
considerar de forma cada vez séria a adopção de regimes de
imigração temporária como solução para a escassez de
mão-de-obra. Possivelmente, terá sido para isso determinante
a constatação de que as realidades económicas e demográficas
desses países deixam poucas alternativas ao recurso aos
trabalhadores temporários para responder às necessidades do
mercado de trabalho. Teremos esquecido os problemas e
insucessos do passado? Ou existirão hoje em dia novas formas
de gestão dos programas de imigração temporária que são mais
eficazes do que as adoptadas no passado? Tratar-se-á de
medidas pontuais e alternativas, ou será que estes programas
de imigração temporária são parte integrante de políticas
migratórias globais destes países? Será que os governos
consideram os imigrantes temporários da mesma forma que os
cidadãos ou residentes permanentes, ou serão apenas
simplesmente encarados como contribuintes económicos
temporários? Este painel reflectirá sobre os programas de
imigração temporária
- tanto do passado como do presente - e discutirá a sua
natureza, a sua eficácia e os seus impactes directos e
indirectos. Os oradores discutirão ainda questões como a
possibilidade de transferência internacional dos direitos às
pensões de reforma ou de acesso aos benefícios da segurança
social por parte dos familiares dos migrantes.
|
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Plenary 4:
Migration Challenges in the Western Mediterranean Region
Panellists:
Joaquín Arango, Universidad Complutense (Spain)
Khadija Elmadmad,
Attorney with the Rabat Bar Association
(Morocco)
Ali
Bensaad, Université de Provence (France)
Sandra
Pratt, European Commission (Belgium):
"Migration in the Mediterranean: EU policy responses"
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
&
Paper
(PDF)
Moderator:
Philippe Fargues,
European University Institute (Italy)
[EN]
Policy debates about migration in the Western Mediterranean
region are dominated by two issues:
illegal
crossings from North Africa into
Southern
Europe, and the cultural impact of Muslim immigration into
Europe. But migratory flows in the Mediterranean are far
more complex and multifaceted in their origins and
effects.
For instance,
Southern
Europe is no longer the only destination for migrants moving
irregularly through the region; North African countries have
become destination countries and are struggling under the
burden of large numbers of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa.
As such, countries on both the northern and southern shores
of the Mediterranean have common cause to work towards
humane and effective solutions to the difficulties that this
relatively recent mass movement of people has created.
Consequences of poorly managed migration pose a threat to
social cohesion and integration and undermines public
support for immigration. Furthermore, as controls on
immigration tighten in the post-9/11 environment, the
magnitude of irregular migration seems to grow. Can the
Western Mediterranean region develop cooperative strategies
as part of a broader migration management framework from
which we can learn?
[FR]
Les
débats sur les migrations dans les régions méditerranéennes
occidentales se concentreront sur deux problématiques
principales : les traversées illégales de l’Afrique du Nord
vers l’Europe du Sud et l’impact culturel de l’immigration
musulmane en Europe. Cependant les flux migratoires dans les
régions méditerranéennes sont bien beaucoup plus complexes
et à multiples facettes pour leurs origines et leurs effets.
Par exemple, l’Europe du Sud n’est plus l’exclusive
destination des migrants circulant illégalement dans la
région ; les pays de l’Afrique du Nord sont devenus des pays
de réception et luttent contre la charge que représentent
les nombreux migrants originaires de l’Afrique Subsaharienne.
Les pays des deux côtés de la Méditerranée ont donc un
intérêt commun de trouver des solutions humaines et
concrètes aux difficultés que les mouvement de masse
relativement récents ont créés. Les conséquences d’une
migration mal gérée, est un obstacle à la cohésion sociale
et à l’intégration et mine les aides publiques à l’immigration.
De plus, depuis le renforcement du contrôle de l’immigration
au lendemain du 11 Septembre, il paraît que la proportion
des migrations irrégulières est croissante. Est-ce que les
régions méditerranéennes occidentales réussiront à
développer des stratégies coopératives de gestion des
migrations servant de cadre plus élargi et desquelles nous
sauront apprendre des choses ?
[PT]
Os debates políticos dobre as migrações na região do
Mediterrâneo Ocidental são dominados por duas questões: as
travessias ilegais do Norte de África para a Europa do Sul e
o impacte cultural dos imigrantes muçulmanos na Europa.
Porém, os fluxos migratórios na região do Mediterrâneo são
bem mais complexos e multifacetados, no que se refere tanto
às suas origens como aos seus efeitos. Por exemplo,
a
Europa do Sul deixou de ser o único destino para os
migrantes que se deslocam irregularmente nesta região; os
países do Norte de África tornaram-se também países de
destino e debatem-se actualmente com o afluxo de vastos
números de migrantes oriundos da África Subsariana. Neste
sentido, os países das margens Norte e Sul do Mediterrâneo
têm um interesse comum em procurarem soluções humanas e
eficazes para as dificuldades associadas a estes recentes
movimentos de massas. As consequências das migrações mal
geridas constituem uma ameaça à integração e coesão sociais
e põem em causa o apoio da opinião pública à imigração. Para
além disso, ao mesmo tempo que o controle dos fluxos
migratórios têm vindo a ser apertado na sequência do 11 de
Setembro, a magnitude dos fluxos irregulares parece ter
vindo a aumentar. Terá a região do Mediterrâneo Ocidental a
capacidade de desenvolver estratégias de cooperação,
integradas num quadro mais vasto de gestão das migrações,
com as quais possamos aprender algo? |
|
Thursday,
5 Oct. | jeudi, 5 oct. | 5ª-feira, dia 5 de Out. |
Plenary 5:
A Lusophone Community: Multinational Alliances, Multiple
Belongings
Panellists:
Elisa Silva Andrade, Instituto Superior de Educação
(Cape Verde)
Ismael
Valigy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of
Mozambique (Mozambique)
PowerPoint
Presentation (PDF)
João
Cravinho, Secretary of State
for
Foreign
Affairs and Cooperation (Portugal)
Paper (PDF)
Luis
Fonseca, CPLP - Community of Lusophone Countries (Cape
Verde)
Paper
(PDF)
Teresa Sales,
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Brazil)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
Moderator:
Rui Machete,
Luso-American Foundation (Portugal)
[EN]
For the last 10 years, Portuguese-speaking countries have
been engaged in the construction and development of a
Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) community. In this session,
the experience of the Community of Lusophone Countries (CPLP)
will serve as a point of departure to look at how political
opportunity structures such as this one reflect the global
trend towards the development of extensive multi-national
alliances between countries with a shared colonial or
migratory past. New forms of symbolic, material and human
circulation put inherited Euro-centric hierarchies into
question and lead to the imagination and construction of new
affiliations and relational structures, engendering a more
multilateral relationship between former cores and
peripheries. Out of this international political cooperation
come new social, cultural, and economic policies that
directly and indirectly affect migration patterns and the
integration of immigrants. Our analysts will take a closer
look at the multiple challenges and opportunities that these
types of multi-national communities pose in relation to
their social dynamics; their potential effects on
citizenship(s), integration and social cohesion; the promise
of economic development for both sending and receiving
societies; and concerns over security.
[FR]
Pendant
les derniers 10 ans, les pays lusophones se sont engagés
dans la construction et le développement d’une communauté
lusophone. Dans cette section les expériences de la
Communauté des Pays Lusophones (CPLP) seront présentées. Le
but sera effectivement de montrer comment des structures
politiques comme la CPLP reflètent la tendance généralisée
vers le développement d’alliances multinationales extensives
entre des pays partageant un passé colonial commun. Des
nouvelles formes de circulations symboliques, matérielles et
humaines mettent en question les anciennes hiérarchies
euro-centriques et mènent vers l’imagination et la
construction de nouvelles affiliations et structures
relationnelles, engendrant une nouvelle relation,
multilatérale, entre les anciens centres et les périphéries.
Cette coopération internationale est à la base de nouvelles
politiques sociales, culturelles et économiques lesquelles
influencent, directement ou indirectement, les pratiques
migratoires et l’intégration des immigrés. Notre expert en
la matière se focalisera sur les défis et les opportunités
multiples que ces communautés multi-nationales posent en
relation à leurs dynamiques sociales ; aux effets
potentiels sur la citoyenneté, l’intégration et la cohésion
sociale ; aux promesses d’un développement économique tant
pour les sociétés de réception que d’émission ; et les
préoccupations en matière de sécurité.
[PT]
Ao longo dos últimos 10 anos, os países lusófonos têm vindo
a emprenhar-se na construção e desenvolvimento de uma
comunidade lusófona. Nesta sessão, a experiência da
Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP) servirá
como ponto de partida para uma discussão acerca de como as
estruturas políticas como esta poderão constituir um reflexo
de uma tendência global para o desenvolvimento de alianças
multi-nacionais alargadas entre países que partilham um
passado colonial ou migratório comum. As novas formas de
circulação humana, material ou simbólica colocam em causa as
hierarquias euro-cêntricas herdadas do passado e permitem
imaginar e construir novas estruturas relacionais e de
pertença, sustentando relações mais verdadeiramente
multilaterais entre os antigos centros e as antigas
periferias. A estas formas de cooperação política
internacional estão associadas novas políticas económicas,
sociais e culturais que afectam directa e indirectamente o
padrão dos fluxos migratórios e a integração dos imigrantes.
Nesta sessão, os oradores discutirão os múltiplos desafios e
oportunidades suscitados ao nível das dinâmicas societais
por estes tipos de comunidades multi-nacionais; os seus
efeitos potenciais sobre a(s) cidadania(s), a integração e a
coesão social; as perspectivas de desenvolvimento económico
tanto nos países de origem como nos países de destino; e as
preocupações com os aspectos securitários. |
|
Plenary 6:
Integration and the “Second Generation”
Panellists:
Ahmed Aboutaleb, City of Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
Jeffrey Reitz, University of Toronto (Canada)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
Catherine Wihtol de Wenden, Institut d’Études Politiques
de Paris (France)
Armin Laschet, Ministry for
Intergenerational Affairs, Family, Women and Integration of
North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)
Pedro Silva Pereira, Minister of the Presidency of the
Council of Ministers (Portugal)
Moderator:
Rinus Penninx,
University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
[EN]
We have long assumed that the integration of the ‘second
generation’ – those who are born in the country of
destination of their parents - should be easier than that of
the immigrants themselves. After all, members of the second
generation grow up, attend schools and learn the language
and cultural norms of their country of birth. While their
parents have difficulties with the host language, new ways
of life and have to struggle to earn a living, we have
tended to think that children of immigrants will grow up
much as other native-born citizens. Yet second generation
young people’s success in school and in the workplace has
been erratic, revealing a different reality. Educational and
labour market systems have not successfully harnessed the
integrative mechanisms necessary, which may contribute to
the turning away from society of part of that youth, as the
riots in suburban Paris have served to highlight the
frustration felt by many second generation youth. At the
same time, it has also commonly been thought that the
‘second generation’ feels a stronger sense of attachment to
the host society than their parents. Reality, however, has
challenged this received wisdom. Some recent surveys on
societal attachment indicate that children of immigrants
identify less with their country than do their parents. And,
most dramatically, some of those involved in recent social
unrest and terrorism have been the children of immigrants,
generating shock in the United Kingdom, for example, when it
became clear that some of the London suicide bombers were
born and raised in the UK. This panel aims to explore why
our long-standing assumptions about the integration
prospects of children of immigrants have not always proven
to hold.
[FR]
Pendant
longtemps on supposait que l’intégration de la deuxième
génération –enfants des immigrés nés dans le pays d’accueil
– était plus facile que celle des immigrés mêmes. Alors que
les parents ont des difficultés à apprendre la langue et à
s’habituer à un nouveau mode de vie et doivent travailler
dur pour gagner de l’argent, les enfants (deuxième
génération) grandissent, fréquentent l’école et apprennent
la langue et les normes sociales du pays où ils sont nés. On
a donc longtemps pensé que les enfants des immigrés se
développaient comme les enfants du pays d’accueil. Or, leurs
succès scolaires et d’emplois ont souvent été dérisoires,
révélant une autre réalité. Les systèmes d’éducation et de
marché d’emploi n’ont pas exploité les mécanismes d’intégration
nécessaires. Ceci explique la grande frustration chez bon
nombre de ces jeunes, qui tendent à se détourner de la
société. Les émeutes dans les banlieues parisiennes sont la
triste image de cette réalité. De plus, on était communément
convaincu que les enfants des immigrés se sentaient plus
attachés au pays d’accueil que les parents. Cependant la
réalité a mis en cause cette idée reçue. Des études récentes
sur l’attachement sociétal indiquent que les enfants d’immigrés
s’identifient moins avec leur pays que les parents. Et,
malheureusement c’étaient des enfants d’immigrés qui étaient
impliqués dans quelques troubles sociaux voire actes
terroristes sociaux. En effet, la nouvelle que les acteurs
des attentats de Londres étaient nés et avaient grandi en
Angleterre avait été perçue comme un choc. Dans ce présent
débat nous allons éclaircir pourquoi nos suppositions fixes
sur les perspectives d’intégration des enfants d’immigrés n’ont
pas toujours fait preuve de solidité.
[PT]
Assume-se desde há muito que a integração da '2ª geração' -
crianças nascidas no país de destino de pais imigrantes -
deveria ser mais fácil do que a dos próprios imigrantes.
Afinal de contas, os membros da segunda geração crescem, vão
à escola e aprendem a língua e as normas culturais daquele
que é o seu país de nascimento. Enquanto que os seus pais se
defrontam com dificuldades ao nível da língua do país de
destino e das novos hábitos de vida e têm muitas vezes de
garantir a custo o seu sustento, temos tendência para pensar
que os filhos dos imigrantes se vão tornando, à medida que
crescem, em grande medida semelhantes a quaisquer outros
cidadãos naturais do seu país. No entanto, o nível de
sucesso dos jovens de segunda geração na escola e no mundo
do trabalho é muitas vezes errático, revelando uma realidade
distinta. Os sistemas educativos e os mercados de trabalho
não puseram ainda em prática com suficiente sucesso os
mecanismos de integração necessários, o que pode estar a
contribuir para que uma parte desses jovens volte costas à
sociedade, tal como ilustrado pelos motins na periferia de
Paris, que não deixaram quaisquer dúvidas sobre a frustração
sentida por muitos dos jovens de segunda geração. Por outro
lado, considera-se também habitualmente que a 'segunda
geração' sente uma maior identificação para com a sociedade
de acolhimento do que sucede(u) com os seus pais. Porém,
também esta ideia feita tem vindo a ser refutada pela
realidade. Diversos estudos recentes sobre identificação
societal indicam que os filhos dos imigrantes identificam-se
menos com o seu país do que os seus pais. De modo
especialmente dramático, alguns dos envolvidos em actos
recentes de perturbação da ordem pública e terrorismo são
filhos de imigrantes, originando uma onda de choque no Reino
Unido, por exemplo, quando se tornou claro que alguns dos
bombistas suicidas de Londres nasceram e foram criados no
próprio Reino Unido. Este painel explorará os motivos pelos
quais as velhas ideias feitas em relação às perspectivas de
integração dos filhos de imigrantes nem sempre têm sido
válidas. |
|
Friday,
6 Oct. | vendredi, 6 oct. | 6ª-feira, dia 6 de Out. |
Plenary 7:
Moving People, Changing Places: What Should We Expect in 25
Years?
Panellists:
Marie Price,
George
Washington University (United States)
PowerPoint Presentation (PDF)
Paul
Seabright, Université de Toulouse (France)
PowerPoint Presentation
(PDF)
Moderator:
Rainer Münz,
Erste
Bank (Austria)
/ Hamburg Institute of International Economics (Germany)
[EN]
With upwards of 190 million people living outside their
country of birth, the magnitude of today’s migration flows
has brought calls for the creation of a supranational body
to manage migration, redistributing its benefits and
mitigating its harms. Experts anticipate an increase in the
size of global migration flows and a diversification in the
countries most affected by migration—yet countless questions
remain: Will the gradual improvement in living standards in
developing countries lead to the phenomenon of a “migration
hump”—that is, an increase in emigration from poor
countries? What of circular migration—will we see it
increase across the spectrum of migrants or will it remain
confined to those in upper income groups? And, what will
happen to the world’s largest cities, the mega-metropolises,
whose populations might already be unsustainable? This panel
of migration futurists will paint a picture of how migration
will evolve, and whether it will be a harbinger of
prosperity or a challenge to our well-being.
[FR]
Avec plus
de 190 millions de personnes vivant en dehors de leur pays
natal, l’ampleur des flux migratoires contemporains a
suscité des appel pour la création d’un corps supranational,
afin de gérer les migrations, de redistribuer ses bénéfices
et d’atténuer ses dommages. Les experts prévoient la
croissance des flux migratoires globaux et la
diversification des pays les plus touchés par les migrations
– cependant bon nombre de questions restent sans réponse :
est-ce que l’amélioration graduelle de la qualité de vie
dans les pays développés va conduire à une amplification des
émigrations des pays pauvres ? Qu'est-ce qu’il en est des
migrations circulaires – est-ce qu’elles vont prendre de l’importance
dans les spectre des migrants ou est-ce qu’elles vont rester
réservées au sujets des groupes sociaux privilégiés ? De
plus, comment évolueront les plus importantes villes du
monde, les méga-métropoles, dont les populations sont déjà
ingérables de nos jours ? Cette discussion sur les
perspectives futures des migrations va fournir un dessin du
développement des migrations, voir si elles sont le signe
avant-coureur de notre richesse ou le défi à notre bien-être.
[PT]
Num momento em que mais de 190 milhões de pessoas vivem fora
do país onde nasceram, a magnitude dos fluxos migratórios
actuais tem originado diversos apelos e propostas no sentido
da criação de um organismo supranacional dedicado à gestão
das migrações, à redistribuição dos seus benefícios e à
mitigação dos seus custos. Os especialistas têm vindo a
prever um aumento no volume global das migrações e a
diversificação dos países que por elas são mais
significativamente afectados - porém, permanecem inúmeras
questões por responder: conduzirá a melhoria gradual dos
padrões de vida nos países em desenvolvimento ao fenómeno da
'migration hump', ou seja, um aumento do volume da emigração
oriunda dos países pobres? No que diz respeito ao fenómeno
da migração circular, continuará a restrigir-se aos
migrantes dos estratos socioeconómicos mais elevados ou
estender-se-á progressivamente aos outros tipos de migrantes?
E o que irá acontecer às maiores cidades do mundo, as mega-metrópoles,
cujas populações poderão ser já hoje insustentáveis? Este
painel de especialistas em matéria de prospectiva na área
das migrações traçarão um retrato de como as migrações irão
evoluir no futuro - e se constituirão uma fonte de
prosperidade ou um desafio ao nosso bem-estar. |
|
Keynote:
Demetrios Papademetriou, Migration Policy Institute (United
States)
[EN]
Demetrios
Papademetriou, co-founder and chair emeritus of Metropolis,
will be discussing some of the last decade's key emerging
changes in international migration and will be putting
forward the adjustments in thinking and action that these
changes require. The issues that he will be addressing are
right out of today's headlines: building the 21st century's
immigration systems and institutions, the global search for
talent and the prospects for real competition for it (and
how to win it), the challenge of ageing and the role of
various migration policy "products" in addressing it, the
rise of China and India and their effect on international
mobility, the art of building a new mobility regime, and, of
course, border controls and security.
[FR]
Demetrios
Papademetriou, cofondateur et président émérite de
Metropolis, discutera de certains des principaux changements
en matière de migration internationale de la dernière
décennie et fera état des ajustements que nécessitent ces
changements sur le plan de la pensée et des actes. Les
questions qu'il abordera sont directement tirées de
l'actualité : la création des systèmes d'immigration et des
institutions connexes du XIXe siècle, la quête mondiale de
talent et les perspectives d'une véritable concurrence dans
ce domaine (et comment gagner la lutte), le défi du
vieillissement et le rôle des différents « produits » de
politique migratoire visant à le relever, l'ascension de la
Chine et de l'Inde et ses répercussions sur les mouvements
internationaux, l'art de bâtir un nouveau régime de mobilité
et, bien entendu, les mesures de contrôle et de sécurité à
la frontière.
[PT]
Demetrios
Papademetriou, co-fundador e presidente honorário do Metropolis,
discutirá algumas das tendências emergentes no campo das
migrações internacionais ao longo da última década e
sugerirá diversos ajustamentos, ao nível do pensamento e da
prática, exigidos por estas transformações. As questões
sobre as quais se irá debruçar preenchem actualmente as
primeiras linhas dos jornais: a construção das instituições
e sistemas migratórios do Século XXI; a competição
global pelos talentos e a possibilidade de efectiva
concorrência nesta matéria (e como triunfar nela); os
desafios do envelhecimento e o papel das diversas
"possibilidades" oferecidas pela políticas migratórias em
relação a esta questão; a ascensão da China e da Índia e os
seus efeitos ao nível da mobilidade internacional; a arte da
criação de um novo regime de mobilidade internacional; e,
naturalmente, o problema da segurança e controles
fronteiriços. |
|
Biographies | Biographies |
Biografias |
Ahmed Aboutaleb,
City of Amsterdam (The Netherlands):
Deputy mayor of the city of Amsterdam. He is a former
journalist who worked for several Dutch radio and TV
stations for a number of years. Before taking office as
deputy mayor, Mr. Aboutaleb was Director of the City of
Amsterdam’s Department of Social, Economic and Cultural
Development as well as Director of the FORUM Institute for
Multi-cultural Development.
Elisa Andrade,
Instituto Superior de Educação (Cape Verde):
Professor at the Instituto Superior de
Educação in Praia. Prof. Andrade’s background is in
Geography, History and Sociology, with a focus on
Development and Third-World Studies. Among her
most recent publications are
A History of Postcolonial Lusophone Africa
(C. Hurst & Co., 2002), Les Îles du Cap-Vert. De la
découverte à l’indépendance nationale (1460-1975) (L’Harmattan,
1996) and “Le Cap-Vert dans l’expansion européenne” in L’Afrique
entre l'Europe et l'Amérique
(UNESCO, 1995).
Joaquín Arango,
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain):
Professor and Chair of the Department of Sociology II,
Complutense University of Madrid, and Director of the Centre
for the Study of Migration and Citizenship, Instituto
Universitario Ortega y Gasset. Prof. Arango’s research
interests include migration policies, international
migration systems, immigration and integration in southern
Europe and theories of international migration.
Ali Bensaad,
Université de Provence (France):
Geographer, professor at the University of Provence
(Aix-Marseille 1) and researcher at IREMAM (Institut de
Recherches et d’Etudes sur le Monde Arabe et Musulman).
Prof. Bensaad’s research interests include space and society
in North Africa and the Sahara, urban studies and migration.
Richard Black,
University of Sussex (United Kingdom):
Professor of Geography, Director of a ‘Development Research
Centre’ on ‘Migration, Globalisation and Poverty’,
Co-Director of the Sussex Centre for Migration Research (SCMR)
and Director of Research in the University’s School of
Social Sciences and Cultural Studies. Prof. Black has worked
extensively in the fields of forced migration, migration and
development, return/repatriation/transnationalism and
undocumented migration. Apart from research and teaching at
the Universities of London and Sussex, he has worked as a
consultant for a range of UK government departments and UN
organisations.
Christina Boswell,
University of Edinburgh (United Kingdom):
Lecturer in Politics at the University of Edinburgh. Dr.
Boswell studied at Oxford (BA) and LSE (PhD), before taking
up research positions at the UNHCR and Chatham House.
Between 2003-05 she founded the Migration Research Group at
the Hamburg Institute of International Economics. Her
research focuses on European migration policy and the
sociology of knowledge transfer. She is author of
European Migration Policies in Flux (Blackwell’s, 2003)
and The Ethics of Refugee Policy (Ashgate, 2005).
João Cravinho,
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
(Portugal):
Portuguese Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and
Cooperation. Prof. Cravinho received his MSc at the London
School of Economics and holds a PhD from Oxford University.
Besides his academic career, he has extensive experience in
the field of development aid. From January 2001 to June 2002
he was president of the Institute for Portuguese
Cooperation.
Jonathan Crush,
University of Cape Town (South Africa) / Queen's University
(Canada):
Director of the Southern African Migration Project (SAMP) at
Queen’s University and Honorary Professor at the University
of Cape Town. Prof. Crush is the founder of SAMP, an
extended partnership network of research and policy
organisations in Southern Africa, and has researched and
written extensively on migration and development issues in
Africa. He has advised the South African and Canadian
governments on policy options for migration management and
development.
Elizabeth Cubías,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (El Salvador):
Deputy General Director of Integral Social Development at
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador. Her
professional career reflects her special interest in the
human rights area. She has a PhD on Fundamental Human
Rights; she is a lawyer in the Republic of El Salvador and
has the rank of Counsellor in the Diplomatic Service of El
Salvador. She had been member of several Salvadorian
international delegations and is a member of the Committee
on the Rights of the Migrant Workers.
Howard Duncan,
Metropolis Project (Canada):
Executive Head of the International Metropolis Project. Dr.
Duncan received his PhD in Philosophy in 1981 from the
University of Western Ontario. In 1997, he joined the
Metropolis Project as its International Project Director,
became Deputy Head in 2000 and Executive Head in 2002. He
has concentrated on increasing the Project's benefits to the
policy community by creating effective opportunities for
direct and frank exchanges between researchers,
practitioners and policy makers, increasing Metropolis'
geographic reach, and expanding the range of issues it
confronts.
Khadija Elmadmad,
Rabat Bar Association (Morocco):
Attorney with the Rabat Bar Association, Professor of Law
and English and an International Consultant. Dr. Elmadmad
studied Political Science and English (Rabat University);
Public Law, Human Rights, Migration and Refugee Law
(Casablanca University) and African Studies (University of
London). She holds the UNESCO Chair “Migration and Human
Rights” based at Université Hassan II Casablanca Aïn Chock.
She has published in Arabic, English and French on
International Law, Human Rights, Women's Rights and
Migration.
Philippe Fargues,
European University Institute (Italy):
Director of the Euro-Mediterranean Consortium for Applied
Research on International Migration (CARIM). Prof. Fargues
obtained his PhD at the Sorbonne (Paris) in 1974. Currently
on leave from the French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED),
he has lectured and researched on population and Middle
Eastern studies in numerous universities around the world.
He has published a dozen books and over a hundred articles
in international refereed journals.
Luis Fonseca,
CPLP - Community of Lusophone Countries (Cape Verde):
Executive Secretary of the Community of Lusophone Countries
(CPLP) (2004-present). Following his long-standing activism
in the struggle for the independence of Cape Verde and
Guinea, Mr. Fonseca served as an MP (1975-85), exercised a
variety of influential positions in the Cape Verdean
Ministry of Foreign Affairs both in Cape Verde and abroad
(1986-present) and represented his country in the United
Nations (1999-2004).
Jorge Gaspar,
University of Lisbon (Portugal):
Geographer and
planner, professor at the Departments of Geography,
Architecture and Civil Engineering, private consultant
(Director of CEDRU Ld) and co-founder of Metropolis
Portugal. Prof. Gaspar studied at Lund University and
received his PhD at the Universidade de Lisboa in Human
Geography. His research interests include urban studies,
planning and development, geography, future studies and he
is currently working with the Lisbon Port Authority on
strategic planning.
Barbara Glover,
Department of Human Resources and Social Development
(Canada):
Barbara Glover has worked in the Government of Canada for 20
years, the last 10 years in the Department of Human
Resources and Social Development Canada (including positions
in Labour Market Policy, Corporate Planning, Program
Evaluation, and Federal-provincial Relations). Prior to
that, she worked in the Department of Finance, for the
Government of Saskatchewan and in the private sector.
Carlos Iturregui,
Department of Homeland Security (United States):
Chief of the
Office of Policy and Strategy for the United States
Citizenship and Immigration Services, a component of the
Department of Homeland Security. Mr. Iturregui was appointed
in 2003 to his current position by President Bush and,
pursuant to the 2002 Homeland Security Act, is responsible
for making policy recommendations, performing policy
research and analysis on all national immigration services
issues, developing and coordinating the Agency’s strategic
Plan with all its Divisions on behalf of the largest
Immigration Services Agency in the world.
Tamar Jacoby,
Manhattan Institute for Policy Research (United States):
Senior Fellow at the Manhattan Institute. Ms. Jacoby is a
leading conservative voice in the media and elsewhere in
favour of immigration reform. She has a variety of
publications on immigration and citizenship, including
articles published in leading American and British
newspapers and journals and the books Someone Else’s
House: America’s Unfinished Struggle for Integration
(Basic Books, 1998) and Reinventing the Melting Pot: The
New Immigrants and What It Means To Be American (Basic
Books, 2004).
Armin Laschet, Ministry for
Intergenerational Affairs, Family, Women and Integration of
North Rhine-Westphalia
(Germany):
Minister for
Intergenerational Affairs, Family, Women and Integration in
the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia
(June 2005-present). Prior
to entering politics, he studied law and political
science at the universities of
Bonn
and
Munich and
also worked in publishing and journalism. From 1989
to 2004, he was a municipal councillor in the city of Aachen
and served from 1999 until 2005 as Member of the European
Parliament for North
Rhine-Westphalia.
Since 1999, he has served as chair of the Federal Expert
Panel on International Cooperation and Human Rights.
David Ley,
University of British Columbia (Canada):
Canada Research
Chair in Geography at the University of British Columbia in
Vancouver. Prof. Ley’s research is concerned with the social
geography of immigrants in large cities. He is presently
writing a book, Millionaire Migrants, on wealthy
transnational migrants from East Asia.
Rui Machete,
Luso-American Foundation (Portugal):
Director of the
Luso-American Foundation (FLAD) (1985-present) and Chairman
of FLAD’s Executive Board (1988-present). Mr. Machete
received his law degree from the Universidade de Lisboa and
has been practicing since 1964. He began his political
career in 1975 when he was nominated Portuguese Secretary of
State for Emigration and later that year became Minister for
Social Affairs. He has been Member of Parliament (1976-79,
1985-95), Minister of Justice (1983-85), Deputy Prime
Minister and Minister of Defence (1985).
Rainer Münz,
Erste Bank (Austria) / Hamburg Institute of International
Economics (Germany):
Head of Research
at Erste Bank, Vienna, and Senior Fellow at the Hamburg
Institute of International Economics (HWWI). Mr. Münz is an
expert on population and migration as well as on demographic
ageing and its socio-economic consequences.
Demetrios Papademetriou,
Migration Policy Institute (United States):
President of the
Migration Policy Institute (MPI). Dr. Papademetriou is also
the convener of the Athens Migration Policy Initiative (AMPI)
and the Co-Founder and International Chair Emeritus of
“Metropolis: An International Forum for Research and Policy
on Migration and Cities.” He has been Chair of the OECD
Migration Committee; Director for Immigration Policy and
Research at the U.S. Department of Labor; and Executive
Editor of the International Migration Review. He has
more than 200 publications on migration topics and advises
senior government and political party officials in more than
20 countries.
Rinus Penninx,
University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands):
Professor of Ethnic Studies at the
University of Amsterdam; Co-chair of the International
Metropolis Project (1999-present); Coordinator of the
International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion in
Europe Network of Excellence (IMISCOE)
(April 2004-present); former Director of the University’s
Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies (IMES)
(1993-2005). Prof. Penninx received his PhD in 1988 from the
University of Amsterdam and has written for many years on
migration, minorities’ policies, and ethnic studies. Much of
his present research work relates to migration and
integration policies at the EU-level, and the functions of
immigrant organisations.
Pedro Silva Pereira,
Minister of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers
(Portugal):
Portuguese Minister of the Presidency of the Council of
Ministers (2005-present). Mr. Silva Pereira received law
degrees from the Faculty of Law at the Universidade de
Lisboa and has taught there since 1984. He has practiced law
since 1986 and been an active member of environmental
advocacy bodies for over a decade. Legal advisor for the
Ministry of the Environment (1988-97) and for the Deputy
Prime-Minister’s Office (1997-99), he later became Secretary
of State for Land Planning and Nature Conservation
(1999-2002).
Sandra Pratt,
European Commission's Directorate General for Justice,
Freedom and Security (Belgium):
Deputy Head of the EU Commission's
DG Justice, Freedom and Security Unit on Immigration and
Asylum (2003-present). Ms. Pratt came to the European
Commission in 1988 and was involved in the development of
the ERASMUS programme and the EURES system. She later
managed the Commission's programme for the integration of
refugees and in 1999 joined the Immigration and Asylum Unit
of the Directorate General for Justice, Freedom and
Security. She was responsible for the conception of the
common EU immigration policy and has worked on a number of
migration policy initiatives.
Marie
Price, George Washington University (United States):
Associate Professor of Geography and International Affairs
at the George Washington University (1990-present). Formerly
the Director of Latin American Studies from 1999-2001, she
is currently Chair of the Department of Geography. During
2006 Dr. Price is a visiting scholar at the Migration Policy
Institute focusing on immigration to world cities. Among her
many publications, she is most recently co-author of
Diversity Amid Globalization: World Regions, Envrionment and
Development (Prentice Hall, 2006) and co-editor of
Migrants to the Metropolis: The Rise of Immigrant Gateway
Cities (forthcoming) with Syracuse University Press.
Jan Rath,
University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands):
Professor of Urban Sociology and Director of the Institute
for Migration and Ethnic Studies (IMES) at the University of
Amsterdam.
Prof. Rath’s webpage is
http://users.fmg.uva.nl/jrath
.
Jeffrey Reitz,
University of Toronto (Canada):
Robert F. Harney Professor and
Director of Ethnic, Immigration and Pluralism Studies at the
University of Toronto. Prof. Reitz’s recent research has
examined economic and social integration of the immigrant
second generation in Canada in a comparative context. His
department’s webpage is
http://www.utoronto.ca/ethnicstudies
.
Neil Ruiz,
The Brookings Institution (United States):
Research Fellow
at The Brookings Institution, Global Economy and Development
Center in Washington, DC (United States) and a Ph.D.
candidate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr.
Ruiz has worked as a consultant for the Asian Development
Bank on migration and development issues, founded an
international non-profit to build technology
entrepreneurship in the Philippines and recently won the
grand prize of the MIT$100K Entrepreneurship Competition for
a business plan to provide a private sector solution to the
housing needs of migrant communities.
Teresa Sales,
Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP (Brazil):
Sociologist and
Professor for the Social Science Doctoral Programme at
UNICAMP. Prof. Sales was a Visiting Scholar at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1990-91, 1995-96) and
Harvard University (2000). She has published several books
on international migration, including Brasileiros Longe
de Casa (Cortez Editora, 1999), Cenas do Brasil
Migrante (Boitempo, 1999), Políticas Migratórias
(Sumaré, 2002) and Brazilians Away from Home (Center
for Migration Studies, 2003).
Paul Seabright,
Université de Toulouse (France):
Professor of
Economics at the University of Toulouse. Prof. Seabright
previously taught at the University of Cambridge in the UK.
His most recent book is The Company of Strangers: A
Natural History of Economic Life (Princeton, 2004).
Peter Stalker,
Writer (United Kingdom):
Writer and editor, Mr. Stalker works
mostly as a consultant to agencies of the United Nations. He
has written a number of books on labour migration, including
two for the International Labour Organization, and maintains
a website ‘Guide to International Migration’ for students (http://pstalker.com/migration/).
Ismael Valigy,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mozambique (Mozambique):
Head of the
Department for Europe, Directorate of Europe and the
Americas of the Mozambican Ministry of Foreign Affairs and
Cooperation. Mr. Valigy studied Political Science and
International Relations at Eduardo Mondlane University (EMU)
in Maputo and Boston University. He has taught at the Higher
Institute of Science and Technology of Mozambique (ISCTEM),
the Higher Institute of International Relations and
Diplomacy (ISRI) and is a researcher at the EMU Centre for
African Studies. Over the last three decades, he has worked
for a variety of ministries in Mozambique.
António Vitorino,
Member of Parliament and Former European Commissioner for
Justice and Home Affairs (Portugal):
Member of
Parliament (1980-present), Assistant Professor at the
University of Lisbon Law School (1982-present) and Partner
in the firm Gonçalves Pereira, Castelo Branco & Associados.
In addition to university teaching and practicing law, Mr.
Vitorino has held numerous high-level positions in the
Portuguese government and the European Parliament and
Commission over the last three decades (e.g. Secretary of
State for Parliamentary Affairs, Judge of the Portuguese
Constitutional Court, Member of the European Parliament,
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence and European
Commissioner for Justice and Home Affairs).
Catherine Wihtol de Wenden,
Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Internationales (France):
Doctor in
Political Science (IEP Paris, 1986), Director of Research at
CNRS, Professor at Sciences Po and author of several books
and articles. Prof. Wenden’s most recent publications
include “Seconde génération: le cas français” in
Musulmans de France et d’Europe (CNRS, 2003) and
Atlas des Migration dans le Monde (Autrement, 2005). |
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